![]() ![]() Other important magnates captured with the king were Baldwin fitz Gilbert Bernard de Balliol, Roger de Mowbray Richard de Courcy William Peverel of Nottingham Gilbert de Gant Ingelram de Say Ilbert de Lacy and Richard fitzUrse, all men of respected baronial families it had only been the Earls who had fled.Įven as the royal troops listened to the exhortations of Stephen’s lieutenant, Baldwin fitz Gilbert, the advancing enemy was heard and soon the disinherited Angevin knights charged the cavalry of the five earls. Stephen’s force included William of Ypres Simon of Senlis Gilbert of Hertford William of Aumale, Alan of Richmond and Hugh Bigod but was markedly short of cavalry.Īs soon as the battle was joined, the majority of the leading magnates fled the king. Cadwaladr was the brother of Owain, King of Gwynedd, but Owain did not support any side in the Anarchy. The Angevin army consisted of the divisions of Robert’s men, those of Ranulf, Earl of Chester and those disinherited by Stephen, while on the flank was a mass of Welsh troops led by Madog ap Maredudd, Lord of Powys, and Cadwaladr ap Gruffydd. The forces of King Stephen of England had been besieging Lincoln Castle but were themselves attacked by a relief force loyal to Empress Matilda and commanded by Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester, Matilda’s half-brother. Stephen was captured during the battle, imprisoned, and effectively deposed while Matilda ruled for a short time. In the ensuing civil war a decisive battle, The Battle of Lincoln, or the First Battle of Lincoln, occurred on Februin Lincoln, England between King Stephen of England and forces loyal to Empress Matilda. The throne was instead taken by Matilda’s cousin Stephen of Blois, who enjoyed the backing of the English Church. Henry died in 1135, but Matilda and Geoffrey faced opposition from Anglo-Norman barons. Henry I had no further legitimate children and nominated Matilda as his heir, making his court swear an oath of loyalty to her and her successors, but the decision was not popular in the Anglo-Norman court. Stephen, King of England and Count of Blois On Emperor Heinrich V’s death, Matilda was recalled to Normandy by her father, who arranged for her to marry Geoffrey of Anjou to form an alliance to protect his southern borders. Matilda’s younger brother, William Adelin, died in the White Ship disaster of 1120, leaving Matilda’s father and realm facing a potential succession crisis. Matilda and Heinrich V had no children, and when he died in 1125, the imperial crown was claimed by his rival Lothair of Supplinburg. Matilda travelled with her husband into Italy in 1116, was controversially crowned in St Peter’s Basilica, and acted as the imperial regent in Italy. The daughter of King Henry I of England, she moved to Germany as a child when she married the future Holy Roman Emperor Heinrich V. Febru– September 10, 1167), also known as the Empress Maude, was one of the claimants to the English throne during the Anarchy. His reign was marked by the Anarchy, a civil war with his cousin and rival, the Empress Matilda, whose son, Henry II, succeeded Stephen as the first of the Angevin kings of England.Įmpress Matilda (c. This made Stephen, was Count of Boulogne jure uxoris (by right of his wife) from 1125 until 1147 and Duke of Normandy from 1135 until 1144. ![]() ![]() Through her maternal grandmother, Matilda was descended from the Anglo-Saxon kings of England. Her mother, Mary, was the daughter of King Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland. Her father was Count Eustace III of Boulogne. Stephen was married to Matilda of Boulogne. Stephen’s mother, Adela, was the daughter of William the Conqueror and Matilda of Flanders, famous amongst her contemporaries for her piety, wealth and political talent. Stephen was a younger son of the Stephen Henry, Count of Blois and Adela of Normandy. Stephen (1092 or 1096 – October 25, 1154), often referred to as Stephen of Blois, was King of England from Decemto his death in 1154.
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